Animal models of human PCOS, valuable tools for the diagnosis and treatment

چکیده مقاله

• : Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent female endocrine disorder affecting 5-10% of women, causing infertility due to dysfunctional follicular maturation and ovulation, distinctive multicystic ovaries and hyperandrogenism, together with metabolic abnormalities including obesity, hyperinsulinism, an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The etiology of PCOS is unclear and decisive clinical studies are limited by ethical and logistic constraints. Consequently treatment is palliative rather than curative with focus on symptomatic approaches. Materials and Methods: Hence, a suitable animal model could provide a valuable means to study the pathogenesis of the characteristic reproductive So far some animal models including monkey, sheep, hours, rat and mouse are produced by various methods such as chemically-induced models (letrozole, androgen "prenatal or prepubertal", DHEA, RU486 and estradiol treatment) or transgenic models (leptin/insulin receptor knockout and theca specific Esr1 knockout mice) to simulate the key features of human PCOS. The prenatally androgenised rhesus monkey displays many characteristics of the human condition, including hyperandrogenism, anovulation, polycystic ovaries, increased adiposity and insulin insensitivity. However, the high cost of non-human primate studies limits the practical utility of these large animal models. Results: Rodent models, on the other hand, are inexpensive; provide well-characterized and stable genetic backgrounds readily accessible for targeted genetic manipulation. Recent rodent models are which display both reproductive and metabolic disturbances associated with human PCOS. Conclusion: This review aims to evaluate advantages and disadvantages of animal models used for human PCOS in order to find the best methods of diagnosis and therapy using animal models.
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